Biodiversity & Conservation Chapter-Wise Test 16

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which of the following is a correct statement about ecosystem services?

Ecosystem services include water purification and nutrient cycling.
Ecosystem services only benefit forest-dwelling species.
Ecosystem services are not important for human life.
Ecosystem services are unrelated to biodiversity.
1

Ecosystem services include nutrient cycling, water purification, pollination, soil formation, and climate regulation, all of which are essential for life.

Which of the following is an incorrect statement about the role of forests in biodiversity conservation?

Forests provide habitat to a wide range of species.
Forests help regulate climate and water cycles.
Deforestation increases biodiversity.
Forests store genetic diversity.
3

Deforestation causes habitat loss and fragmentation, leading to a decline in biodiversity.

Why are sacred groves important for biodiversity conservation?

They are used for commercial logging.
They act as refuges for rare and threatened species.
They promote urbanization.
They are artificially created forests.
2

Sacred groves are protected forest patches that serve as refuges for rare, threatened, and endemic species.

When species richness (S) and area (A) are plotted on a logarithmic scale, the species-area relationship is represented by:

S = CA
log S = log C + Z log A
S = A²
log A = log S + C
2

On a logarithmic scale, the species-area relationship becomes a straight line represented by log S = log C + Z log A.

Which naturalist observed the species-area relationship?

Charles Darwin
Alfred Wallace
Alexander von Humboldt
Gregor Mendel
3

Alexander von Humboldt observed that species richness increases with increasing explored area, up to a limit.

Which of the following is a correct statement about the importance of biodiversity?

Biodiversity provides ecosystem services such as pollination and climate regulation.
Biodiversity has no impact on human well-being.
Biodiversity is not important for maintaining ecological balance.
Biodiversity loss has no consequences for ecosystems.
1

Biodiversity provides valuable ecosystem services including pollination, nutrient cycling, climate regulation, and water purification.

Which of the following statements about biodiversity hotspots is true?

They contain low species richness.
They have high levels of species endemism.
They are found only in temperate regions.
They are defined by their soil type.
2

Biodiversity hotspots are regions rich in endemic species that are under constant threat from habitat loss and therefore require priority conservation.

Which of the following is an example of ex situ conservation?

National parks
Sacred groves
Botanical gardens
Biodiversity hotspots
3

Botanical gardens conserve threatened plants outside their natural habitats and are examples of ex situ conservation.

Which of the following is NOT a component of biodiversity?

Genetic diversity
Species diversity
Ecosystem diversity
Climatic diversity
4

Biodiversity has three levels: genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity.

Which of the following contributes most to habitat loss and fragmentation?

Conversion of forests into agricultural land and settlements
Genetic mutation
Species migration
Geological activity
1

Conversion of forests into agricultural land and human settlements is the major cause of habitat loss and fragmentation, the leading cause of biodiversity loss.

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